Steam Sterilization or autoclaving is the most efficient and dependable way to sterilize critical and semi-critical items. It require that each item be exposed to direct steam contact following the instructions of the sterilizing unit.
The steam used in the dental offices are gravity displacement sterilizers. Ingravity displacement sterilizers, steam is admitted through steam line, a steam geberator or self generation of steam within the chamber, Unsaturated air is forced out of the chamber through a vent in the chamber wall. When packing of items is not done properly or the chamber is overloaded, cool air pockets may result in failure of sterilization.
Prevacuum sterilizers are fitted with a pump to create a vaccum in the chamber and ensure air removal from the sterilizig chamber before the chamber is pressurized with steam.