Handpieces and other semi-critical devices such as scalers and air/water syringes are probably one of the most neglected instruments and devices in the dental office. Dye expulsions have confirmed the potential for retracting oral fluids into the internal components of handpieces. Laboratory models suggest the retention of viral DNA and viable virus inside both handpieces and prophylaxis angles. For this reason dental devices attached to air and water should run from 20 to 30 seconds to physically flush patient material that might have entered the turbine or water lines.
Disinfection and immersion in germicides is not an acceptable method for handpieces and similar devices. in clinical evaluations of high-speed handpieces, cleaning and lubrication were the most critical factors in determining performance and durability (361-363). Manufacturer's instructions for cleaning, lubrication and sterilization should be followed closely to ensure both the effectiveness of the process and the longevity of handpiecces.
Components or instruments that are permanently attached to the dental unit such as suction hoses, light handle and the like are likely to become contaminated and should therefore be considered as a possible source of disease transmission.